The Stuarts (1603-1714)
The period begins with the accession of James I, which was followed shortly after by the gunpowder plot. Religious feuding was to divide the nation and ended with the Whig Supremacy and the importation of a protestant monarchy at the "Glorious Revolution" in 1688.
The English Civil Wars (1642-49) raged around this area with major battles at Alton, Basing House, Winchester and Cheriton. It is likely that the polygonal banks and ditches at Walldown, superimposed on a much older earthwork, is part of a Royalist chain of defensive works that run on a line SE of Bentley. In 1710 Queen Anne stopped to review her herds of red deer at Queen's Bank on Woolmer on her way from Southampton to London. A stone marks the spot to this day. The red deer were removed back to Windsor around 1750 following decimation of the herd by a poaching gang.
The Georgians (1714-1837)
Gilbert White - published his natural History of Selborne in 1789. Woolmer and Walldown are both mentioned in detail as they were then part of Selborne Parish. White refers to a bower being built on Walldown at St Barnabus' Day (Midsummer Solstice - 21st June) which he believed had origins in our ancient pagan past.
Wide Drove roads connecting farms to local markets, an example is Drift Road in Whitehill.
Washford Lane leads to Wash Ford which crosses the River Wey between Deadwater (Bordon) and Lindford it is likely this was used to wash livestock.
In 1823 Radical MP William Cobbett (born and buried in Farnham) passed through Woolmer to Selborne and observed that malme clay "very nearly came up to my horses' belly" Mills and water meadows were a common sight along the River Wey. The practice of "drowning" low-lying meadows from adjacent rivers was to provide "first bite" of grass for fattening sheep. Examples are found at Liphook, Passfield, Lindford and Hollywater. The Parliamentary enclosures of common land (1750-1850) saw a great expansion of hedgerows. Though unpopular at the time, they have become a haven for wildlife. Interestingly, many commons still survive at Broxhead, Kingsley, Shortheath, Slab and Passfield.
Many oaks were removed for naval timbers during this period.
Around 1830 failing harvests, low wages, rising clerical tithes, workhouses, new threshing machines and unemployment led to the agricultural disturbances across the South known as the "Swing Riots". This area was no exception and angry labourers pulled down workhouses at Selborne and then Headley with machines being broken at Kingsley. Some rioters came from Hollywater and must have passed through this way en route from Selborne to Headley reportedly stopping to refresh themselves at the Hollybush Inn at Headley.
Workhouse conditions varied but by the 1830s the concept of harsh workhouse regimes and forced labour for those reliant on the Parish for financial assistance had begun to spread. Work houses had been established at Selborne and Headley in 1794 and 1795 respectively. These new "deterrent workhouses" as adopted at Fisher's Cottages in Selborne became the national model under the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act and were designed to brutalise and stigmatise the so called "undeserving" poor.
The reaction of the riotous crowd to the two workhouse overseers however is markedly different - the Harrison the Selborne overseer who allegedly ran a brutal regime had to flee for his life whilst rioters had no quarrel with Shoesmith the overseer at Headley and asked him to stand-aside whilst they dismantled the workhouse.
In absence of a Police Force - Dragoon Guards were called out from Gosport and stationed at the Royal Anchor Liphook ....which they then drank it dry. Special Constables were sworn in by local JPs. Rioters were systematically hunted down, arrested and taken to Winchester prison, some were gaoled, others were transported.
The Victorians - Present (AD 1837-Date)
In 1863, the War Office purchased 1602 acres in Bordon and Longmoor for military training. Two camps were created at Longmoor (1900) and Bordon (I903). The 'Longmoor Loop' rail-link to Bentley was opened in 1905. It closed to passengers in 1957 and the army in 1969. Victoria and Albert visited the troops in 1859 and George V in 1910. In 1865 Sir Roundell Palmer, Attorney General to Gladstone bought Blackmoor Estate and he later became the First Earl of Selborne. He hired Alfred Waterhouse, architect of the Natural History Museum to design a model estate. The familiar Blackmoor apple orchards date from the 1920s. Sydney and Beatrice Webb ,founders of Fabian Socialism lived at nearby Passfield. The Parish of Whitehill was created in 1928, carved out of Selborne and Headley. Whitehill is now the 2nd largest town in East Hants.